移动互联网十年虽然诞生过无数超级平台,若论超级流量入口,非月活达到11亿的微信朋友圈莫属。6月28日微视开启“30秒朋友圈视频”全量测试,所有用户只需下载并注册微视即可使用,此举一出引起不小的波澜,尤其是对于短视频行业从业小伙伴。
(来源《中国移动互联网 2019 春季大报告》)
近几年短视频发展迅猛,已成为仅次于即时通讯的第二大应用,今年上半年却来到自己的拐点。短视频行业月活增长率已经持续十一个月的缓慢下滑,对流量争抢已进入白热化。有直播秀场昙花一现的前车之鉴,各大平台开始发力垂直内容、vlog,希望在算法推荐模式之外构建基于社交的新传播路径。
微视开放朋友圈分享,“失落”的UGC迎来新的可能。朋友圈能否成为行业下一个增长点,牵动着每个创作者的神经。
远离UGC的短视频
短视频兴于草根,全民参与创作释放行业红利,然而经历一番厮杀后,短视频流量愈发集中。
去年7月,中国广视索福瑞媒介研究融合传播研究部总监张天莉透露“短视频平台上,20%的帐号和发布者几乎垄断了99%还要多的流量。”流量向头部聚集的现象,无疑打击着素人的创作欲望,这对于短视频未来的发展并不是好消息。“1%的头部发布者平均占到65%的发布量,5%的头部发布者平均占85%发布量,10%头部发布者占到平台95%的发布量”
(来源企鹅智酷《快手&抖音用户研究报告》)
去年初,企鹅智酷发布了一份《快手&抖音用户研究报告》,其中显示驱动用户创作短视频因素中,兴趣、记录生活、获得关注是最重要的原因,相反基于利益的“通过直播或买东西赚钱”的目的占比很小。也就说,素人用户在短视频平台上能够获得多少关注,直接决定了他们的创作热情。
短视频APP们流量向头部聚集并不是有意的结果,而是平台、算法与利益分配三方面共同造成。
首先,短视频平台都是封闭的生态。用户看到什么取决于各平台推荐引擎推荐给用户什么,缺乏多元的分发渠道,平台内容基调很难不走向“整齐划一”;
其次,虽然各家平台推荐引擎的底层算法并不一样,可实现逻辑却遵循一定的规律。可以说,无论何种算法,推荐引擎必然会亲“PGC”而远“UGC”;
最后,利益分配机制也更利于PGC的繁荣。头部短视频账号瓜分了短视频行业的收益大头,因此能够拿出更多的投资提升作品的质量。马太效应凸显,UGC的生存环境就会进一步恶化。
如今,各大短视频平台推荐的内容越来越像,在主流短视频平台几乎都能看到papi酱、办公室小野、陈翔六点半等知名网红。
没有创作热情的内容平台终将成为一潭死水,而内容同质化必然会造成普通网友创作兴趣的丧失。所以,无论抖音、快手、秒拍还是哔哩哔哩都在向短视频社交靠拢,因为想要实现短视频内容分发千人千面,构建社交关系传播链条是必然之选。可以说,由算法推荐的短视频传播链路适合PGC、PUGC等内容,而社交传播链路对UGC则是天然的友好。
功能揭秘:朋友圈视频新玩法
此前微视在内测“30秒朋友圈视频”功能时,包括猎豹移动CEO傅盛、“凯叔讲故事”创始人凯叔、主持人华少、“樊登读书”创始人樊登、跨媒体艺术家朱敬一等人都纷纷在朋友圈发布30秒朋友圈视频。
而在全量测试后,不只是这些“大V”,更开心的是一众中小短视频创作者以及一些只是“玩票”的素人。毕竟,以前在短视频平台发布视频,平台不推荐就几乎“无人问津”。有了朋友圈这个渠道,这些内容可以快速的“分发”到每个好友的手机上,朋友的点赞、回复可以满足虚荣心,而且这些30s视频右下角会有发布者微视的ID,视频最后是系统自动生成的个人名片页,也都可以实现引流的作用。
该功能使用的流程并不复杂。先【拍/上传视频】然后在【发布页选择“同步到朋友圈”再发布】,最后【跳转朋友圈发布页面选择“发表”】即可。目前,微视为用户提供了“照片卡点”和“视频模板”两个版本,用户既可以发布拍摄的视频,也可以将N张照片制作成30s以内的视频,通过为其搭配音乐、特效、滤镜、模板等相关操作,就可以分享形式多样的视频在自己的朋友圈里。
(凯叔朋友圈截图)
从实际体验而言,这次“30秒朋友圈视频”功能最大的亮点在于突破了15s限制,30s的视频长度可以囊括更多的内容,留给了短视频从业者更宽容的空间,一些具有一定“内涵”的作品不必要剪切的面目全非,带来更多地想象空间。
UGC对于短视频的三个意义
算法推荐依赖眼球刺激,社交传播强调情感共鸣;算法推荐与社交渠道双道路行走,才是短视频正确的打开方式,这也是头条为何要不惜一切扶持多闪、飞聊的原因。娱乐内容消费上用户的忠诚度普遍很低,以网红生命周期而言,除非成为超级IP,热度能够保持2年就已是稀少数。天浩以为,重振UGC对于短视频平台们而言主要有三大意义。
首先,UGC缺失将导致平台逐渐陷入审美疲劳困境;几年前中国市场拥有百余家直播平台,如今大部分直播平台倒闭。以泛娱乐快速崛起的短视频平台也意识到危机,例如说,各大平台都在有意扶持搞笑之外的内容形式,如生活、知识、亲子、教育、美食等等。
其次,UGC将沉淀更具忠诚度的社交关系链;当99%的用户去关注1%的内容,势必难以沉淀有效的互动,即使MCN机构成立专门的互动部门,也无暇应付数量庞大的“粉丝”,更妄谈实现社交关系的转化,UGC+PGC共同发展的短视频平台才会更健康。
最后,UGC让短视频内容生态更丰富、多元;UGC的创作动机五花八门,其中自然有部分用户为了追求流量去“搞笑、搞怪”,但绝大多数UGC是比较“特立独行”,有利于短视频内容生态的多元化。
如果,短视频平台只剩下MCN机构与网红进行创作,虽然表面上看内容质量水准会提高,但和网友真实生活的距离却远了,这不仅违背了短视频诞生的初衷,也将消耗网友对短视频的长久热情。
与此同时,微视也上线了“30秒挑战赛”,与明星联手,发动粉丝力量,撬动UGC内容的产生。借势挑战赛热度,“30秒朋友圈视频”正在发生着预期中的影响和作用。
30s同步朋友圈带来的变化
从行业角度来看,30s视频同步朋友圈将带来三个大的变化。
第一:短视频创作将进入真正的全民时代;朋友圈覆盖几乎所有年龄层次人群,已是月活超过11亿的超级平台。加之朋友圈更浓厚的社交氛围,微视30s朋友圈视频时长的放开,将会吸引更多网友尝试进行朋友圈短视频的创作。
第二:朋友圈内容生态进入新的维度;当短视频替代图文成为增长最快的内容形式后,除了短视频平台,新闻资讯、电商、本地生活服务等等越来越多APP开始将短视频这一内容形式作为标配,无处不在的短视频已经让网友产生“刷视频”习惯。当微视30秒朋友圈视频分享权限正式上线,朋友圈内容生态的多元性也将进入一个全新的维度。
第三:视频对内容产业的影响进入新的高度;短视频正在更多的领域替代传统图文,淘宝总裁蒋凡乐观估计,未来淘宝上可能90%的内容都是视频的方式来承载。去年5月,爱奇艺创始人龚宇透露短视频占爱奇艺观看量30%以上。
朋友圈的开放将是视频内容的新的胜利,微视30s朋友圈视频一旦全面上线,我们朋友圈将会成为短视频内容消费的一个新战场。
朋友圈终于为短视频开启了一扇大门,不只是微视受益,千万创作者与十几亿网民将受此影响,此举将为短视频行业的发展带来新的积极变量。小程序对游戏的破冰,激发了小游戏隐藏的潜力。这一次,或是UGC内容的一次新的机会,作为一个日均7.5亿用户在发帖的超级入口,这头巨兽一旦放开束缚,其释放出的能量将超出人的想象。况且,朋友圈的传播从来没有算法来影响,微视30s视频可同步朋友圈,将拯救式微的UGC困局?对此我们只能拭目以待。
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