BAT小程序开启“查垃圾大战”,作为一项将改变中国环保未来的长期政策,上海之后各地也开始实施倒计时,国民对垃圾分类相关服务的诉求,将会伴随垃圾分类全民时代的到来而越来越强烈。就在网上一片调侃最严垃圾分类带来的不便时,部分用户已开始通过使用相关小程序进行了学习和了解,BAT也做足了功夫帮助用户更早的学会甚至处理垃圾分类。
站在个人角度,一个只能玩小游戏、网络购物的小程序是没有生命“价值”的,至少在当下移动互联网世界里这两个诉求缺了小程序,同样会有ABC其他产品作为“替补”。在“查垃圾大战”中天浩真实的感受到小程序存在的意义,日常生活里类似垃圾分类这样的低频长尾需求,无论现在还是将来都会永恒存在,背靠超级APP的各大小程序为解决以上问题提供了圆满答案,这是小程序对于世界而言最大的价值所在。
如今,小程序也渐成各大公司的标配,近的有本月360上线的小程序平台,远的有去年今日头条小程序。但就目前而言,BAT仍是小程序最核心的三个玩家,有流量、有生态、有技术积累,小程序让生活变得简单,单从这次查垃圾大战之中观察,BAT谁的表现更好?下文将进行详解。
强关注带来小程序新机会
国人对垃圾分类并不陌生,从上世纪90年代开始提倡,目前各大城市早已遍布各种颜色的垃圾分类桶。但垃圾分类是一个从分类投放、分类收集、分类运输、分类处理的完整链条,只是由于用户习惯未能够被养成,以及相关政策的滞后。虽然国家一直呼吁进行垃圾分类,许多城市也进行了相关试点,可大体上垃圾分类在以前已经成为一种摆设。
不过,随着垃圾分类制度将入法,上海成为首个实行垃圾强制分类的城市,北京和其它省市强制垃圾分类的时间也将不远。据悉,7月1日当天上海就开了623张整改单,意味着乱“放”垃圾不仅会被罚款,甚至还会影响到个人信用。俗话说,习惯的力量是难以抗拒的,被大家忽视的垃圾分类突然无比重要起来,为了“恶补”垃圾分类,网友都开启了“好学”模式。
(“垃圾分类”百度指数)
7月1日当天,垃圾分类百度指数达到1418230,相比半年前的指数翻了一千多倍;同样,“垃圾分类”微信指数(最多显示90天)也在90天内出现暴涨,4月4日指数值为370562,7月2日到达56238083。网友突然的强关注催生了“垃圾分类”经济,不仅仅是小程序,围绕垃圾分类有关的企业和平台也大大受益。
(百度搜索结果VS微信搜一搜结果)
要知道,在垃圾分类火了之后,百度APP搜索框里和微信搜一搜里搜索这四个字,自然结果中都有相关的小程序进行推荐。百度APP上第一位置推荐的是“垃圾分类助手”小程序,微信搜一搜结果中的小程序模块推荐的是“垃圾分类指南”小程序。
当然在支付宝、QQ、今日头条、抖音等超级APP上都能够搜索到和垃圾分类相关的小程序。天浩第一时间进行了试用,有惊喜也发现了许多不足。
BAT“垃圾分类”有何优缺点?
面对“垃圾分类”这个热点,最先出手的是微信,6月29日腾讯微信团队官微一口气推荐了4款垃圾分类相关的小程序,除了提供查询、教程、识别等功能,还有和“分垃圾”有关的游戏。作为小程序领域的先行者,无论用户量还是服务商数量,微信都领跑所有玩家。
微信
6月27日微信在上海举办的2019年首场线下公开课上透露,截至2019年6月,8200家服务商共推出了630000个小程序,官微上一口气推出四款垃圾分类小程序,展现的正是微信生态上服务商的活跃。其实这四款只是官方“钦定”的四个代表,据微信团队表示,目前平台上已有百余款垃圾分类小程序,从数量上而言,腾讯无疑笑傲BAT三家。
更值得关注的是,官微推荐的第一款“生活垃圾怎么分”,是上海市绿化和市容管理局、上海发布合作提供的查询平台,只要在搜索框内输入垃圾名称,就可以显示该垃圾的垃圾分类。第二款是个人开发者开发的“垃圾分类指南”,提供更丰富的文字和图片相关的资料。第三款“垃圾分类工具”开发主体是上海场鲸科技有限公司,是款主打拍照识别垃圾种类的小程序,实测下来识别率一般。第四款“垃圾分分分”资料显示开发者是上海游族公益基金,是一款以垃圾分类为主题的小游戏。
可以说,无论小程序数量上,还是开发者的多元化,以及小程序类型的细分上,微信小程序都远远胜于后两者。而缺点则是相关小程序提供的服务大多是围绕知识类,并没有对垃圾分类进行更深层次“连接”,考虑垃圾分类“热点”也不过是在近期才开始爆发,浅层连接的问题还算可以接受。同时也暴露微信上一个新的问题,垃圾分类小程序多达百款,如果不是官微进行了推荐,用户想找到适合自己的“那一款”小程序还是个麻烦事。
尤其是在微信通过分享传播为主的小程序“引客”方式,为用户发现合适自己的小程序上又添加了不小的困难,多也有时候也是一个弊端。
支付宝
同微信一样,支付宝也是第一时间就上线了垃圾分类相关的小程序,据支付宝透露,受上海实施最严垃圾分类措施影响,仅华东地区就有超过60名个人开发者在支付宝平台上申请开发垃圾分类相关小程序。但从目前来看,在支付宝小程序搜索框里搜索垃圾分类的结果并不多,不到10个,数量上远远少于微信。
类型上,支付宝小程序有查询、教程、图片识别类型,却没有微信上“垃圾分分分”小游戏形式的小程序。可以说,在小程序数量与类型上支付宝相比微信有着不小的差距,不过优势的是在整个服务链条上的下沉方面,支付宝相比微信就有明显的竞争力。
用户在支付宝“垃圾分类指南”小程序内输入“酒瓶”等可回收物类型垃圾的查询,结果里会有“预约上门”的入口,用户点击可直接预约上门“收垃圾”服务。这个入口打通的是“易代扔”,用户也可以通过易代扔小程序直接选择回收垃圾的服务。天浩经过测试发现,所在的涿州市尚不能使用该服务。不过据支付宝公开的消息显示,该服务已支持155个城市,其中生活垃圾回收覆盖11个城市8000多个小区,累计有200多万人在平台下单“卖垃圾”。
而且,使用易代扔用户获得的不是垃圾换来的金钱,而是蚂蚁森林能量,根据回收物的大小,用户可获得不等的蚂蚁森林能量。目前来看,易代扔只和垃圾分类指南小程序打通,并未和其他小程序进行关联。从中可见支付宝相比微信的优势,就是在于连接线下服务上阿里能够提供更深层的服务支持。仅以回收垃圾而言,就涉及支付宝账户、蚂蚁森林能量、位置分享等功能,这是社交为主的微信与搜索/信息流为主的百度难以提供如此深的服务链。
短板也很明显,本就是工具属性的支付宝上用户会缺乏“发现”小程序的耐心,用户获取将是个麻烦。百度通过搜索引流,微信可通过聊天框、微信群、朋友圈、搜索及发现小程序等入口引流,而支付宝上引流渠道比较单一,只能通过搜索或平台推荐来获取。而且支付宝上的用户目的比较直接,在同支付、信用分、商品交易等关联不大的小程序类型上支付宝生态就缺乏了应用场景,尤其是娱乐相关方面,比如说支付宝上没有上线垃圾分类小游戏类的小程序就是很好的证明。
百度
在全民垃圾分类知识获取的诉求下,全球中文最大的搜索引擎百度自然最具优势,因此除了小程序外,百度APP还支持在搜索框里输入“XXX是什么垃圾”会直接显示相关结果。相比以往百度搜索“标题-配图-简介”三段组合的常规结果,百度APP为查询垃圾分类提供了针对性的设计,因为本身百度就是一个搜索工具。
相比微信、支付宝的另外一个优势是,百度APP上直接搜索“垃圾分类”四个字,结果里第一条就是名为“垃圾分类助手”的小程序,用户甚至不用先点击打开该小程序,在结果页里该小程序下方的搜索框中,用户也可以在这个框里直接输入内容进行查询。百度赖以起家的搜索本身就是为了用户解决对信息的获取,因此入口方面,百度甩了支付宝与微信几条街。因为在后两者平台上想要打开小程序,用户至少需要二三个甚至更多的操作。能够更快的直达小程序,是百度最大的优势。
短板也很明显,目前搜索和垃圾分类相关的智能小程序也不到10个。而且作为擅长AI的一个平台,更用智能小程序的叫法来同微信、支付宝产生差异化,却在AI与垃圾分类需求结合方面输掉一城。例如,在微信、支付宝上都有可以拍照识别的垃圾分类小程序,识别率上微信稍胜一筹(成功率也不高),可百度小程序搜索结果里并没有支持图片识别的小程序可使用,不得不说是智能小程序运营上一个失误,本来应该是百度图像识别技术一次很好的亮相机会。
还有一个问题,那就是从垃圾分类智能小程序服务功能上来看,相关小程序无疑和百度APP搜索引擎的部分功能产生重叠,其实这个问题广泛存在百度智能小程序生态上,从服务的深度而言,显然直接百度搜索“垃圾分类”获取的知识广度远远胜于相关智能小程序,类似“资讯、知识”类的智能小程序如何同百度搜索实现差异化定位?是百度未来要考虑的问题。
让天浩感到惊喜的是,百度在一些同垃圾分类相关的百家号文章下方设置了智能小程序的入口,这将是百度智能小程序一个更垂直、精准并且流量庞大的新入口。总比而言,百度占据基因优势,所提供服务本身就同小程序的基调相契合,不过在流量、生态完整性以及商业嗅觉上略微逊于阿里、腾讯。
以上就是围绕垃圾分类这个热点,在使用各平台小程序后,基于个人角度的一些体验。根据阿拉丁发布2019上半年小程序行业发展白皮书上显示,截止2019年12月微信DAU由去年6月的2.5亿突破3.2亿,整个行业的活跃度在上涨。不过,电商、购物、游戏类的小程序仍然占比很高,以上作为被替代性很强的小程序类型占比过高,对于用户的价值不算很大,毕竟用户有非常多的渠道去获取这些服务。反而,类似“垃圾分类”生活服务类型的小程序无论对平台而言还是用户而言,都有着无可替代的优势。
小程序可以看做超级APP内生的“apple store”,就像所有的iOS应用都受苹果公司的策略影响一样,BAT打造的不同小程序生态也将因为超级APP母体的特征而呈现一些内在的特点,这些特点决定了它们的优劣势。
微信优势在于平台上踊跃的服务商更多,缺点在于对下游小程序们的掌控力不足,形成一个复杂并且庞杂的帝国,用户只能擦亮眼睛抛开来自朋友圈、微信群、好友私信等干扰,去“淘宝”选择最适合自己的小程序。支付宝的优势在于在电商、支付、信用、线下服务等方面的积累,在优势的领域能提供其他平台无法实现的深度服务,但在自身劣势的领域则会短板尽显。百度则在产品基因和小程序的贴合度上占优,在流量、生态和技术赋能上还有很长的了要走。
就像拼多多将微信用户引流到APP上,就像一个小游戏小程序玩家最终仍会因为平台福利(游戏为引流下载的设置)措施和深度服务也会向下载独立APP转化。反而,类似垃圾分类这些本来就没有独立APP为依托的服务是小程序最好的归宿,它们要开发一个独立APP,需要漫长的时间、技术门槛和各大应用平台的审核。反而开发一个小程序是个最佳选择,并且可以借力平台的流量与丰富的功能模块实现落地。
站在用户角度,一些生活上的烦恼能通过小程序来解决,也会更依赖小程序的生态。反而现在以“折扣”吸引的拼团类的电商和购物小程序,一旦这些平台撤销“折扣活动”,吸引力就会下降。总而言之,长尾服务才是小程序真的目的,也是用户最需要的服务,如今BAT发展一些高人气小程序只是为了普及用户对该小程序的认知形成,无论BAT最终都要向小程序连接一切服务的目标驶去。分类垃圾无疑是小程序的一次大考,BAT分别展现了自家生态的优势,对于用户和服务商而言,选择哪家小程序更好?答案一定是解决真正痛点的那一个。
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