文| 易北辰
最近有一个词频繁见诸于各大媒体头条,就是“周期”。
小到一个人、一个企业,大到一个产业、一座城市都有其发展的周期。
投资人尤其看重周期,每个投资人都想弄清楚自己现在所处的周期位置。看懂过去的周期规律,看清现在的周期位置,方能看透未来的周期趋势,获得少数赢家长期战胜市场的真经。
而周期又细分为经济周期、技术周期、企业盈利周期、投资人心理和情绪钟摆、风险态度周期、信贷周期、房地产周期、市场周期。
当下社会波诡云谲,技术变革驱动的社会生活方式比以往200年间的变化更加轰轰烈烈。2019年又是5G元年,每个人都是自己的“投资人”,如何应对未来,将决定2030年的收成。
如果将视野放诸全球,势头最猛、影响力最深、变革力最广的上行周期,莫过于智能家居了!
智能家居是个神奇的行业,第一眼,他是绝对TO C (面向消费者)的业务,第二眼,他又像不折不扣TO B的业务,因为他涉及智能制造、智能工厂、人工智能、材料、设计、物流相当长的一条供应链;最后,他又是每个城市智慧城市、物联网战略的重要组成部分。
换言之、智能家居产业直接影响消费者、机构、城市的资源配置和未来决策。
重要性不言自明。
1984年 打下的样本间
1984年是个重要的年份。围绕今天智能家居的话题,这一年发生了几个毫无相干的“小趋势“,但从2019年这个年份往回望,那一年发生的几个小趋势,却有大影响。先来看:
1)1984,美国联合科技公司(United Techno1ogies Building System)将建筑设备信息化、整合化概念应用于美国康涅狄格州(Conneticut)哈特佛市(Hartford)的CityPlaceBuilding时,才出现了首栋的“智能型建筑”,从此揭开了全世界争相建造智能家居的序幕。
2)1984年4月9日,世界上第一座实验用的“无人工厂”在日本筑波科学城建成,并开始进行试运转。试运转证明,以往需要用近百名熟练工人和电子计算机控制的最新机械,花两周时间制造出来的小型齿转机、柴油机等,只需要用4名工人花一天时间就可制造出来。
3)1984年中国青岛海尔公司成立,目前,海尔的智慧家庭成套方案已经走进了1000万家庭。2019年的6月“青岛海尔“更名“海尔智家”发力智慧家庭战略。
如果说1984年是智能家居的元年。2019年是智能家居的第二次生命。而这两个鼓点,按张爱玲的话说,就是“在时间无垠的蛮荒中,没有早一步,没有晚一步,偏偏赶上了。”
如果1984年是智能家居的“起”,2019年就是智能家居的“兴”。
对于智能家居行业,海尔一不小心就成了第一代玩家。而进入2019,智能家居已成兵家必争之地。
智能家居进入群雄逐鹿时代
知名市场调研公司《Markets And Markets》发布报告称,全球智能家居市场规模将在2022年达到1220亿美元。
近年来,众多传统硬件企业、互联网企业、房地产家装企业纷纷抢滩智能家居市场。谷歌、苹果、微软、三星、华为、小米等众多科技公司入局,在玩家的共同努力下,全球智能家居行业前景看好。
另一方面,资本的热情也毫不含糊。
在今年的6月28日,知名VC信中利投资公司与海尔家居宣布,联合成立12亿元的产业基金,主要投资于智能家居、高端消费与升级领域。“让我们一起共同见证资本、创意和产业龙头的完美结合,希望我们的合作能够给大家带来更多美好的产品”,信中利资本集团创始人、董事长汪潮涌表示。
对于智能家居的发展趋势,多方已有共识。
首先,感知更智能化。
其次,业务更加融合化。
再次,终端更加套系化。
最后,终端服务主动化。
这涉及另外一个概念,处于1.0状态的智能家居单品和处于2.0阶段的智慧家居成套方案。
智慧家居成套方案是智能家居单品和传统智能家居的“升级版”、Pro版。智能家居单品只是家居生活用品的智能化,主要特点是设备安装简单、功能单一、运作独立,各设备之间不存在关联性,如单独的智能门锁、智能开关、智能插座、智能家电等。传统智能家居主要采用有线通信方式,前期安装和后期扩展繁杂。即便是那些采用无线通信方式的简易智能家居系统(属于传统智能家居),虽已成系统且易于扩展,但因过于简单而功能有限。智慧家居成套方案采用无线通信方式,不仅功能丰富,还给设备扩展留有足够空间,便于后续自由扩展。随着各智能硬件的标准化,其相互之间的互操作性大大增强,智慧家居成套方案将更有市场前景。
此外,大数据的价值在智慧家居展露无遗。家居中各智能设备之间有大量数据信息交换,对这些数据的产生、传输、处理、存储、抽取、分析、可视化等各个环节的处理和数据应用决定着物联网智能家居的“智商”。人们在使用相应的物联网智能家居设备的过程中也会产生巨量数据,这些数据反过来被相应设备收集,有助于逐步提升家居智能化的水平。
全场景智能+操作系统是突围关键
谁能问鼎智能家居江湖,成为最强王者?这是个不怎么新鲜的话题,但是答案未有定论。
业界达成最多的共识认知是,最强王者需要满足两个条件:
1) 拥有全场景智能。(满足条件的主要玩家有海尔、TCL、美的)
2) 拥有超级入口级的操作系统。(主要玩家有苹果homekit、海尔U+、谷歌、华为HiLink)
一言以蔽之,就是你既要有全套的智能家居产品,又要有智慧大脑的操作系统。一手软件、一手硬件。两手抓,两手都要硬。
看几个案例:
1) 聊聊苹果。
2014年,苹果发布了智能家居平台homekit,主要包括智能家居的通用协议、安全配对、siri控制接口等。当homekit在手机操作系统上搭建合理的架构后,便可与通过认证的智能家居产品配对,用户可通过iphone、ipad和applewatch设备上的应用软件对其进行控制,或者通过siri语音直接控制。据介绍,若采用苹果home-kit平台,Wi-Fi设置便会自动发现、识别新设备,选择网络并连接。在此过程中,用户无需任何操作,甚至不用输入Wi-Fi密码,即可让设备轻松连接网络。
目前,homekit仍处于试水阶段:第一阶段首先进行产品接入;第二阶段将完成各个厂家的智能家居设备在ios层面的互动协作,可实现跨品牌、跨品类的互联互通,无需厂家之间直接对接。该平台为智能硬件开发商、第三方开发者留下了巨大的机会和发展空间。
然而,无论是苹果还是谷歌,目前接入的都是一些明星单品,如drop-cam摄像头、pebble智能手表、august智能门锁、jawbone智能手环等,因此使用体验仍处于初级阶段,与大众消费者的需求存在巨大鸿沟。
另一个案例就是海尔。
海尔是目前市场上鲜有的具备刚才提到两个能力的玩家。智慧家庭的成套全场景硬件是其优势,海尔物联网平台U+也正在发力。
早在2018年,海尔就独家发布全球首个全场景定制化智慧成套方案,实现全屋成套、互联、主动服务;2019年,海尔又一次突破,不仅做到成套智慧,更实现了多品牌的成套智慧,正式启动智慧家庭全球战略布局,其海尔、卡萨帝、统帅以及GE Appliances、Fisher&Paykel、AQUA、Candy七大品牌正在全球落地全套系智慧家庭产品。比如,在欧洲,Candy推出了搭载19寸全触控屏技术的智能烤箱,用户不开门就能监测烘焙进度等;在美洲,GE Appliances及海尔牌的6大智慧厨房套系共同为当地用户带来智慧厨房生活;在澳洲,用户通过Fisher & Paykel“社交厨房”的立式冰箱、烤箱等智慧厨电,可随时在社交网站分享烹饪心得;在日本,惜时如金的当地用户,可使用AQUA智慧“社区洗”预约洗衣,随洗随走。
一句话概括就是,海尔的智能家居已经在全球可以实现智慧互联、场景智能,且全套产品非概念,而是可销售可购买,真正进入用户家庭。
海尔也是为数不多的拥有独立物联网技术平台的玩家,其U+平台有着专属芯片“云芯”、唯一物联网操作系统“UHomeOS”、独有的AI助手“小优”、以及最强AI数据智能大脑“U+云脑”,能为用户提供可定制、可迭代的全场景的智家解决方案。
海尔独有的以用户为中心的理念,在硬件+平台的双重赋能下,保证了海尔智慧家庭能够为用户提供最便捷、最智慧体验的立场,做最实用的功能,比如已经躺在卧室床上却想起来客厅没关灯,可以用手机APP很方便关掉;再比如厨房做饭时,洗衣机工作完会往冰箱发送“收衣服”的提示,我们不用再一遍一遍跑去看洗好了没有,这才是消费者真切能用得上、好用的智慧服务。又或者当你走在路上,发现朋友已经到了家门口,你可以通过海尔智慧家庭安防系统,让朋友先进家门,可以启动回家模式,让家里的空调调制舒适的温度,打开电视,让朋友别等的太无聊。
目前,海尔智慧家庭拥有“5+7+N”全场景解决方案,可以让用户一站搞定全屋智慧装修,而且方案和使用场景实现“量身定制”,智慧产品可以迭代升级。
据介绍,海尔智慧家庭成套方案已经走进了全球1000万家庭。“海尔智家”近期发布了更名后的新名片表示,“将永远以用户的诉求为导向,不忘初心,牢记使命,努力为世界创造一个全球领先的生态品牌,为遍及世界的您带来更美好的生活方式。”作为海尔集团旗下子公司之一,“海尔智家”再次上榜《财富》世界500强,排名较去年上升51名,背后得益于海尔智慧家庭生态品牌的全球落地。
从大的周期来看,智能家居依然并将长期处于发展初期阶段,在这个阶段,有一些玩家已经走在了前边,起到了很好的示范效应。有一些玩家正努力追赶。
本质上,现在谈谁是市场上的最强王者是毫无意义。
产业链各个参与者,只有发挥各自的优势,互利共赢,将盘子做大,才是可以共商的千秋。
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