近日,“安卓之父”安迪·鲁宾在推特上晒出了新款智能手机。与常见的智能机不同的是,这款新机的机身极其细长苗条,就像我们平时用的遥控器。
别看这款可能是Essential Phone 2的手机造型如此别致,智能机该有的功能它也一样不少。而且安迪·鲁宾表示,因为这款手机非常窄,所以单手握持毫无压力。被越来越大屏的手机“磨炼”出“手机手”的我们而言,这确实是一种陌生又熟悉的体验。
曾几何时,式样繁多的功能机外形设计总能一再给人们以新奇的体验。可自从智能机成了主流,我们体验到了更多先进的功能和技术,同时也在不同品牌手机千篇一律的外观中迷失了辨别的能力,必须要清楚地看到标志才知道是什么牌子的手机。
诚然,智能机在外形设计上缺乏创新是受到了一些共同的、不可避免的因素的限制,但这并不是千篇一律的理由。因为在这些限制之下,依然有智能手机“不走寻常路”,尽管不是所有的尝试都获得成功,但仍然应该受到鼓励,并且让智能机行业从中汲取经验。
一、智能机受限制外观同质化,但也不乏在创新方面的尝试
智能手机外形同质化的问题由来已久。自从苹果的横空出世开启了智能机时代,智能机从外观到功能的风潮也为苹果所引领。业界甚至都以苹果手机作为自己设计新机的标准,并且对此心照不宣。罗永浩曾嘲讽某些厂商对苹果的模仿是条件反射的“肌肉记忆”,虽然话是刻薄了些,但从那几年业界的风气来看也不无道理。
模仿的多了会成习惯,这一点从智能手机的外观设计上会有直接的体现,并且身在其中的我们都能体会得到。哪怕是讽刺这一点的罗永浩,其锤子手机在外观设计方面也难逃这一桎梏。除了对苹果的模仿和相互模仿之外,大屏的趋势让手机外观方面可以被设计的地方越来越少了,厂商们都在尽力腾挪其他的器件给屏幕让地方。
这是相当直观的原因,而更深层的原因是“标准化”逐渐成型。当系统、电池、屏幕都有了行业统一的标准,自然会限制手机外观设计方面的创新性。不要觉得外观创新只有新点子就可以实现了,如果外形设计有大的改动,那么里面的摄像头、电池、显示模块等所有的部件都要重新设计,还要重新测试,最后才能量产。
可这样一来,就要牵扯到更多方面,最重要的还是标准化问题。例如现在的电池已经基本定型了,外观上大改,电池就得重新设计,可非标准化的电池是极耗产能的,就算是给生产厂家几倍的价钱也不一定有人愿意做,这也是其他手机元件想要转变所面临的问题。
就算是手机厂商财力雄厚,愿意做这种尝试,可时间成本却是耗不起的。一款手机从设计到量产,倾注全力一般也要几年时间。等到这个外观设计都非常新颖的手机做了出来,结果硬件配置早就换了几轮,按照现在手机厂商出新品的速度,必然是等不起的。
即使有厂商愿意付出时间成本,可一个标新立异的手机必然用的不是标准化模具,所以不少元件、物料也是非标准化的。一旦研发、量产中任何一个环节出了问题,都会错过销售时机,极易产生连锁反应,导致整个项目作废。在你追我赶争分夺秒的手机行业,没有任何一家厂商敢冒这种风险。
从用户角度来看,大家貌似也对所谓的“标准化”外观设计逐渐习惯了。虽然手机品牌不一样,但功能、部件都相差无几,上手的时候反而更容易适应。这就像是功能近似的工具发展到一定阶段时会形成固定的模式,时间和市场会选择被大多数人所接受的模式。智能机也是一种工具,所以这也是它的发展方向,所以我们现在会觉得不管买了什么品牌的手机都相差无几。若是按照这种趋势下去,手机的同质化现象会愈加严重,也会让人们的惰性最大程度地被激发。
但是这种趋势的发展不会是线性的,甚至不是注定的。因为用户不仅有惰性,更会对相同的、重复的事物感到腻烦。不然为何拿着各种功能都齐全的智能机的我们,还会对诺基亚出的复刻版功能机感兴趣呢?这不仅是因为情怀,更是因为我们对功能机时代那些五花八门不尽相同的设计感到怀念。
当然,智能机的发展过程中也不都是模仿,还是有人在外观设计方面不断尝鲜的。
其实苹果手机最开始的设计就是创新的一种,苹果的产品设计向来是有口皆碑,这也是该品牌能够吸引大批粉丝的重要因素。虽然现在苹果总被人说“创新乏力”,但它曾经的那些成绩是难以抹杀的,这种创新甚至让之后的手机行业模仿了许多年,也不能不令人佩服了。
诺基亚2011年发布的N9同样备受好评。外形漂亮,采用了一种名为“聚碳酸酯”的材质,重量很轻但却极耐冲击。而且这种用料是“本身着色”的,不存在一般材质可能出现的磨损、掉漆等问题。在按键方面也是简化到极致,支持多点触控手势操作,给人耳目一新之感。尽管并没能大热,但还是让很多人念念不忘。
还有就是火爆过一阵子的模块化手机。用户可自行组装和更换配件,例如谷歌的ProjectAra模块手机,框架由谷歌提供,用户可在其官方商城自行购买其他配件或是符合ProjectAra标准的第三方配件,根据官方提供的方案即可完成组装。这也就意味着,用户可以拥有一台完全按照自己的意愿组装的手机,而不必受外形、功能等诸多限制。
之前不少人觉得安卓手机的外形没什么可创新的了,可如今安卓之父亲自颠覆了这种看法,再加上之前的那些年智能手机行业中不时出现的外观创新。可见创新没有止境,只要有足够的动力和适当的努力,就能不断推陈出新,这对于现今乃至未来的手机行业都能够起到启示与示范的作用。
二、未来智能机外观不只是“砖头”,但标新立异不是唯一目的
不得不说,安迪·鲁宾晒出的这款手机确实令人神往。这种窄小细长的设计在功能机时代比比皆是,但在智能机时代一个比一个大的“砖头”设计中却成了一股“清流”。习惯了手机太大不好拿的我们突然看到这种外形如遥控器一般的手机,还真的会感觉新鲜。
别看手机不大,但是功能却非常齐全。除了智能机都有的功能之外,其下方还有指纹传感器,后置摄像头的设计看上去也非常舒服,而前置摄像头则位于机身正面左上角的“打孔屏”下方,整机设计显得相当和谐。
笔者看到这样的设计时,仿佛回到了功能机时代。那时候有黑莓的横屏按键,有摩托罗拉的旋盖手机,还有能砸核桃的诺基亚。它们有着各不相同却值得称道的特性,很像那个时候荧幕中的演员们,一眼就能看出谁是谁,因为美的各有千秋。
而现在的手机,功能越来越丰富,外观也不可谓不美,但却愈发难以辨认,就像是如今电视中的新生代明星们,都是颜值能打的小花小鲜肉,可也在这个整容技术盛行的时代被高度“标准化”,越来越缺乏辨识度了。
在这个快节奏的时代,效率与速度被放在首位,标准化被强调,手机行业更是如此。可现在的手机市场面临严重饱和的状态,创新几乎成了每家厂商都十分重视的点,然而在高度的标准化和有限的条件下,厂商们实现的几乎都是小范围的创新,而不能像功能机时代那般“随心所欲”了。
不过安卓之父此次晒出的“遥控器”,包括小米前不久推出的“环绕屏”概念机都给手机行业提了个醒,标新立异在智能机时代并非不可能,甚至因为材料、元件方面的革新和5G、AI等技术的逐渐成熟,这种创新变得更易实现。厂商完全有可能通过对外观、设计上的创新来打破当前的困局,如果说过去最大的桎梏是整块屏幕,那么如今折叠屏、曲面屏的出现就能够改变这种态势,给手机外观更多的创新空间。
作为消费者,自然也希望手机的形态能够更多,差异化更明显。即使标准化十分重要,但终会使人厌倦。随着经济水平的提升,消费者对手机的需求也从通话、短信向衣食住行发展,在日益强调个性化消费的背景下,未来对手机的外观设计自然也会有更高的要求。所以无论是为了打破当前的天花板,还是为了满足消费者下一阶段的需求,手机厂商都应该在外观的创新方面多多用心。
不过这种对外观的追求可能让手机行业陷入另一种极端,即为了标新立异而一味追求外形的创新,忽略了对其他功能的兼容。例如此前的模块化手机,虽然相当新颖,但也出现了硬件问题、售后问题等,所以未能推广开来。因而在外观设计方面创新的同时,也要注重系统、功能等,在保证内在的前提下,进行外在的创新,最终达到“内外兼修”的效果。
当然,改变并不容易。安迪·鲁宾从谷歌“单飞”之后,2017年就推出了采用陶瓷后盖、支持专属配件的造型独特的Essential Phone,可由于拍照效果不佳而失败,如今的Essential Phone 2在创新方面更上一层楼,而在拍照、屏幕清晰度方面也有所保障,所以比上一款手机更值得期待,有人还猜测这款新机或许能像翻盖机那样折叠。
不仅是这款手机,今后的智能机整体走向或许都不再是千篇一律,不过在外观的个性化与功能的标准化之间,依然需要找到一个平衡,才可能让智能手机厂商既有效突破天花板,又能在下一阶段稳健地前行。
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